Ta có: \(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{8,1}{18}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ n _{O (trong oxit)} = 0,45 (mol)

Có: m _oxit = m_M + m_O ⇒ m_M = 24 - 0,45.16 = 16,8 (g)

Giả sử kim loại M có hóa trị n khi tác dụng với H₂SO₄.

PT: \(2M+nH_2SO_4\rightarrow M_2\left(SO_4\right)_n+nH_2\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_M=\dfrac{2}{n}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,6}{n}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow M_M=\dfrac{16,8}{\dfrac{0,6}{n}}=28n\)

Với n = 1 ⇒ M_M = 28 (loại)

Với n = 2 ⇒ M_M = 56 (nhận)

Với n = 3 ⇒ M_M = 84 (loại)

⇒ M là Fe. ⇒ Oxit cần tìm là Fe_xO_y.

PT: \(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\underrightarrow{t^o}xFe+yH_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{1}{y}n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{0,45}{y}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow M_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{24}{\dfrac{0,45}{y}}=\dfrac{160}{3}y\)

\(\Rightarrow56x+16y=\dfrac{160}{3}y\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

Vậy: Oxit đó là Fe₂O₃.

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

n Al = a(mol) ; n Fe = b(mol)

=> 27a + 56b = 20,65(1)

2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2

a...........1,5a............0,5a............1.5a..(mol)

Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2

b...........b..............b............b......(mol)

=> n H2 = 1,5a + b = 0,725(2)

Từ 1,2 suy ra a = 0,35 ; b = 0,2

Suy ra :

%m Al = 0,35.27/20,65  .100% = 45,76%
%m Fe = 100% -45,76% = 54,24%

m H2SO4 = (1,5a + b).98 = 71,05 gam

m muối = m kim loại + m H2SO4 -m H2 = 20,65 + 71,05 -0,725.2 = 90,25 gam

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1,625}{65}=0,025mol\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{36,5}=0,1mol\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

0,025 <  0,1                           ( mol )

0,025     0,05      0,025      0,025   ( mol )

\(V_{H_2}=0,025.22,4=0,56l\)

Chất dư là HCl

\(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,1-0,05\right).36,5=1,825g\)

\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,025.136=3,4g\)

1scvbandtqtfwwđ

a, PTHH:

\(A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\left(1\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(2\right)\)

\(AlCl_3+4NaOH\rightarrow NaAlO_2+3NaCl+2H_2O\)

b, Ta có \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{NaAlO_2}=\dfrac{2,7}{82}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{AlCl_3}=0,045\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=27.0,03=0,81\left(g\right)\\n_A=n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}-n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_A=2,49-0,81=1,68\left(g\right)\\n_A=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow M_A=\dfrac{1,68}{0,03}=56\left(g/mol\right)\Rightarrow A\) là \(Fe\)

c, \(m_{\text{muối}}=m_{FeCl_2}+m_{AlCl_3}\)

\(=127.n_{Fe}+133,5.n_{Al}\)

\(=127.0,03+133,5.0,03=7,815\left(g\right)\)

a) m_Cu = 3,2 (g)

=> m_Fe = 6 - 3,2 = 2,8 (g)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

          0,05->0,1--->0,05--->0,05

=> V₁ = 0,05.22,4 = 1,12 (l)

\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{3,2}{64}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Fe + 6H₂SO_4(đ/n) --> Fe₂(SO₄)₃ + 3SO₂ + 6H₂O

          0,05--------------------------------->0,075

            Cu + 2H₂SO₄ --> CuSO₄ + SO₂ + 2H₂O

           0,05------------------------>0,05

=> V₂ = (0,075 + 0,05).22,4 = 2,8 (l)

b)

n_HCl(dư) = 0,5.2 - 0,1 = 0,9 (mol)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(HCl.dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,9}{0,5}=1,8M\\C_{M\left(FeCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,5}=0,1M\end{matrix}\right.\)